What is Encryption?

1 min read Updated 2026-02-05

The process of converting data into a coded format that can only be read with the correct decryption key. Essential for protecting data at rest and in transit.

Related: TLS Hashing HTTPS

Understanding Encryption

Encryption transforms readable data (plaintext) into unreadable data (ciphertext) using mathematical algorithms. Symmetric encryption uses the same key for encryption and decryption (AES), while asymmetric encryption uses key pairs (RSA, ECC). Modern applications should use encryption for all sensitive data.

Examples

  • TLS encrypting data between browser and server
  • AES-256 encrypting files stored in cloud storage
  • End-to-end encryption in messaging apps
  • Database field-level encryption for PII

How to Prevent

  • Use TLS 1.3 for data in transit
  • Encrypt sensitive data at rest with AES-256
  • Use proper key management (rotate keys, secure storage)
  • Never implement your own encryption algorithms
  • Ensure encryption is enforced, not optional

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